pic> Korea at the greatest of
Balhae expansion |
Dae Heummu (r. 737-793) was
the personal name of Emperor Mun, the third and longest-reigning
ruler of the kingdom of Balhae, the successor state to
Goguryeo, which was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
He succeeded his father Dae Muye, also known as King Mu,
upon his death in 737.
During Dae Heummu's reign, diplomatic ties with Tang Dynasty
China were established, and many scholars went to China
to study,[1] extending the influence of Buddhism and Confucianism
in Balhae's governance. He also strengthened relations
with Silla, which unified the Korean peninsula to the
south of Balhae, overseeing the development of the trade
route called Silla-do. Balhae also increased diplomacy
and trade with Japan.
Dae Heummu moved the capital of Balhae several times(Sanggyeong
and Donggyeong), stabilizing and strengthening central
rule over various ethnic tribes in his realm, which
was expanded temporarily. He also authorized the creation
of the Jujagam (ñ°íÊø), the national academy, based on
the national academy of Tang. Although China recognized
him as a king, Balhae itself referred to him as the
son of heaven and an emperor.
The tomb of his fourth daughter, Princess Jeonghyo,
was discovered in 1980. The tombstone of his second
daughter, Princess Jeonghye, has also been found
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